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Cholesterol HDL and LDL

Cholesterol HDL and LDL

 

Synonyms :

 alpha1 -Lipoprotein cholesterol ,high density cholesterol , HDLC , B- Lipoprotein cholesterol , low- density cholesterol , LDLC . 


Specimen : Serum (2 ml ) 

 

Reference value : HDL 40 - 65 mg/dL 

                             LDL  80 - 185 mg/dL 

 

Method : Spectrophotometer 


Description 


High - density lipoprotein  cholesterol (HDLC) and Low- density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC)

are the major transport proteins for cholesterol in the body . It is believed that HDLC may have protective properties in that its role includes transporting  cholesterol from the arteries to the liver . LDLC is the major transport protein for cholesterol to the arteries from the liver . 


LDLC can be calculated using to total cholesterol , total triglycerides , and HDLC levels. 


HDLC levels less than 40 mg/ dL in men and women represnte a coronary risk factor . There is an inverse relationship between HDLC and risk of coronary artery disease (CAD ) ( i.e lower HDLC levels represent a higher risk of CAD . Levels of LDLC un terms of risk  for CAD are directly proportional to risk and vary by age group . 

 

The LDLC can be estimated using the following friedewald formula : 

 

LDLC = Total cholesterol - HDLC - VLDLC . 

 

Very-low-density lipoprotein in cholesterol (VLDLC) is estimated by dividing the triglycerides conventional unites  by 5 .


It is important to note that the formula is valid only if  triglycerides are less than 400 mg/ dl 

 

Indication 

 

- Determine the risk of cardiovascular disease .

- Evaluate the response to dietary and drug therapy for hypercholesterolemia 

- Investigation hereditary hypercholesterolemia 

 

Interpretation 

 

HDLC increased in : 

 

- Exercise

- Familial hyper-lipoproteininemia 

- Alcoholism 

- Biliary cirrhosis 

- Chronic hepatitis 

 

HDLC  decreased in 


- Hypo- Lipoproteininemia 

- Hyper-triglyceridemia  ( all cause ) 


LDLC increased in 


- Hyperlipoproteinemia 

- Chronic renal failure 

- Cushing's syndrome

- Diabetes 

- Diet high in cholesterol and saturated fat 

- Hepatic disease 

- Hepatic obstruction 

- Hypothyroidism 

- Nephrotic syndrome 

- Pregnancy 

 

LDLC decreased in 

 

- Hyperlipopoteinemia 

- Acute stress ( Sever burns , illness ) 

- Chronic anemias 

- Sever hepatocellular  destruction or disease . 

- Inflammatory joint disease . 

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