Skip to main content

Common Lab Values................Hepatic Enzymes

Hepatic Enzymes

Reference Value for liver enzymes

AST(Serum Glutamic-Oxalocetic Transaminase - SGOT ) 

 Found primarily in the liver, heart, kidney, pancreas, and muscles. Seen in tissue
damage, especially heart and live
Normal Adult Range: 0 - 42 U/L
Optimal Adult Reading: 21 


ALT (Serum Glutamic-Pyruvic Transaminase - SGPT) 

 Decreased SGPT in combination with increased cholesterol levels is seen in cases of a congested liver. We also see increased levels in mononucleosis, alcoholism, liver damage, kidney infection, chemical pollutants or myocardial infarction
Normal Adult Range: 0 - 48 U/L
Optimal Adult Reading: 24 

ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE  

 Used extensively as a tumor marker it is also present in bone injury, pregnancy, or skeletal growth (elevated readings.  Low levels are sometimes found in hypoadrenia, protein deficiency, malnutrition and a number of vitamin deficiencies
Normal Adult Range: 20 - 125 U/L
Optimal Adult Reading: 72.5
Normal Children's Range: 40 - 400 U/L
Optimal Children's Reading: 220
GGT (Gamma-Glutamyl Transpeptidase)

 Elevated levels may be found in liver disease, alcoholism, bile-duct obstruction, cholangitis, drug abuse, and in some cases excessive magnesium ingestion. Decreased levels can be found in hypothyroidism, hypothalamic malfunction and low levels of magnesium.
Normal Adult Female Range: 0 - 45 U/L
Optimal Female Reading: 22.5
Normal Adult Male Range: 0 - 65 U/L
Optimal Male Reading: 32.5
LDH (Lactic Acid Dehydrogenase) 

 Increases are usually found in cellular death and/or leakage from the cell or in some cases it can be useful in confirming myocardial or pulmonary infarction (only in relation to other tests). Decreased levels of the enzyme may be seen in cases of malnutrition, hypoglycemia, adrenal exhaustion or low tissue or organ activity.
Normal Adult Range: 0 - 250 U/L
Optimal Adult Reading: 125

TOTAL BILIRUBIN  

 Elevated in liver disease, mononucleosis, hemolytic anemia, low levels of exposure to the sun, and toxic effects to some drugs, decreased levels are seen in people with an inefficient liver, excessive fat digestion, and possibly a diet low in nitrogen bearing foods
Normal Adult Range 0 - 1.3 mg/dl
Optimal Adult Reading: .65  
 

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

MICROSCOPIC URINALYSIS

MICROSCOPIC URINALYSIS   Methodology A sample of well-mixed   urine (usually 10-15 ml) is centrifuged in a test tube at relatively low speed (about 2-3,000 rpm) for 5-10 minutes until a moderately cohesive button is produced at the bottom of the tube. The supernatant is decanted and a volume of 0.2 to 0.5 ml is left inside the tube. The sediment is resuspended in the remaining supernatant by flicking the bottom of the tube several times. A drop of resuspended sediment is poured onto a glass slide and coverslipped.
1 comment
Read more

Liver Enzymes

Liver Enzymes   Definition A liver enzyme is a protein that helps to speed up a chemical reaction in the   liver. Liver function tests are blood tests that are used to evaluate various functions of the liver - for example, metabolism, storage, filtration and excretion, which are often performed by liver enzymes. However, not all liver function tests are measures of enzyme function. • ALT - (alanine aminotransferase )   - was previously called SGPT is more specific for liver damage. The ALT is an enzyme that is produced in the liver cells (hepatocytes) therefore it is more specific for liver disease than some of the other enzymes. It is generally increased in situations where there is damage to the liver cell membranes. All types of liver inflammation can cause raised ALT.    • AST - (aspartate aminotransferase) which was previously called SGOT. This is a mitochondrial enzyme that is also present in heart, muscle, kidney and brain therefore it is less specific
3 comments
Read more

Stool Analysis

                                      Stool Analysis
1 comment
Read more