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Aplastic Anemia

A plastic Anemia


Definitions - Causes of aplastic anemia  - Hematological findings 


Definition
Aplastic Anemia is characterized by pancytopenia (decrease the three formed elements of blood) and depressed hematopoisesis  as result of hypoplastic  or aplastic marrow . 

Causes of aplastic anemia 

1 - hereditary causes 


a - Fanconi's anemia , characterized by pancytopenia , bone marrow hypoplasia and chromosomal aberrations . 
b - Congenital erythroid hypoplasia , characterized by sever anemia , abnormal leukocytes and platelets . 

2 - Acquired causes 

- Bacterial agents or toxins . 
- viral infection 
- Radiation 
- Chemicals and drugs 
- Anemia due to chronic liver and kidney disease . 

Hematological findings 

-Normocytic  normochromic anemia 
- Pancytopenia 
- Decrease WBCs 
- Thrombocytopenia 
- Blood film , shows decrease reticulocytes
- Bone marrow , hypocellular with replacement of hemopoietic tissues by fat ( non responsive anemia ) .

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