Stool Analysis: A Comprehensive Guide to Digestive Health and Disease Detection

Renal Related

Reference Value for Kidney function tests

B.U.N. (Blood Urea Nitrogen)  

 Increases can be caused by excessive protein intake, kidney damage, certain drugs, low fluid intake, intestinal bleeding, exercise or heart failure. Decreased levels may be due to apoor diet, malabsorption, liver damage or low nitrogen intake.

Normal Adult Range: 7 - 25 mg/dl
Optimal Adult Reading: 16 mg/DL

                              CREATININE           

Low levels are sometimes seen in kidney damage, protein starvation, liver disease or pregnancy. Elevated levels are sometimes seen in kidney disease due to the kidneys job of excreting creatinine, muscle degeneration, and some drugs involved in impairment of kidney function, Congestive heart failure 

Normal Adult Range: 0 .7 - 1.4 mg/dl
Optimal Adult Reading:  1.05  

                      

        Interpretation 

Creatinine is formed in muscles from creatine, which is formed in the liver. It is a   substance that in health is easily excreted by the kidney. Because all Creatinine        filtered by the kidneys is excreted into the urine, its levels at any given time interval  are equivalent to the Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR).

URIC ACID

  

 High levels are noted in gout, infections, kidney disease, alcoholism, high protein diets, and with toxemia in pregnancy. Low levels may be indicative of kidney disease, malabsorption, poor diet, liver damage or an overly acid kidney.

Normal Adult Female Range: 2.5 - 7.5 mg/dl
Optimal Adult Female Reading: 5.0
Normal Adult Male Range: 3.5 - 7.5 mg/dl
Optimal Adult Male Reading:5.5

BUN/CREATININE 

 This calculation is a good measurement of kidney and liver function. 

Normal Adult Range: 6 -25 (calculated)
Optimal Adult Reading: 15.5  

 

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