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Gamma-glutamyl transferase

Ehab Ali Maher

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Gamma-glutamyl transferase

Synonyms - Specimen - Reference Value - Method - Description - Indications - Interpretation

Synonyms : Serum Gamma-glutamyl transferase : glutamyl transpeptidase , GGT , SGGT

Specimen : Serum or plasma

Reference Value : Male 1 - 94 U/L - Female 1 - 70 U/L

Method : Spectrophotometry

Description

Gamma-Glutamyltransferase (GGT) assists with the reabsorption of amino acids and peptides from glomerular filtrate and intestinal lumen . Hepatobiliary , renal tubular , and pancreatic tissue contain large amounts of GGT . Other sources include the prostate gland , brain and heart .

GGT is elevated in all types of liver disease and is more responsive to biliary obstruction , cholangitis , or cholecystitis than any of the other enzymes used as markers for liver disease . GGT is found primarily in microsomal location as aggregates . A small portion ( <5 % ) is found in the cytoplasm . Disaggregation and increased synthesis result in increased activity in serum . GGT increases may precede increases in SAP and is a more sensitive indicator of liver disease

Indication

- Assits in the diagnosis of obstructive jaundice in neonates

- Detect the presence of liver disease

Interpretation

Increased in

- Hepatobiliary tract obstruction ( intrahepatic or extra-hepatic)

- Obstructive liver disease

- Cirrhosis

- Diabetes with hypertension

- Hepatitis

- Hepatocellular carcinoma

- Hyperthyroidism

- Pancreatitis

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