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GLUCOSE

GLUCOSE 

Synonyms - Specimen - Reference Value - Method Collection of sample preservation of samples  - Description 
Indications of Blood Glucose Determination 


Synonyms                 : Blood sugar , Fasting blood sugar (FBS) 
specimen                   : Serum (1 mL) , plasma (1 mL)Collected in( sodium   fluoride)           
Reference Value      : 80 - 120 mg/dl , renal threshold 140 - 170 mg/dl 
Method                        : Spectrophotometry 


Collection of samples

- Blood specimens should be collected after an over night fast ( usually 12 hours ) to prevent influences of the diet on blood glucose . 
- All collection equipments must be sterile and chemically clean . 


Preservation of samples 

1 - Sodium fluoride is used as anticoagulant and preservative 
2 - Refrigeration at 4 degree 
3 - Freezing ( analysis should be performed 2 - 3 hours after removal from freezer ) . some damage to enzymes from freezing may occurred , but activity returned at room temperature .
Freezing and thawing should not be permitted more than once before analysis because it may be denature the constituents .Glucose level decrease at rate of 10% / hour at room temperature.

Description ( Glucose ) 

Glucose , a six carbon sugar ( monosaccharide )   , enters the diet as a part of sugars sucrose , lactose and maltose and as major constituents of complex poly  saccharides  called dietary starch .
The body acquires most of its energy from the oxidative    metabolism of glucose . Excess glucose is stored in the liver or in muscle tissue as glycogen . 
Diabetes is a disease characterized by hyperglycemia or elevated glucose levels .

Indications of Blood Glucose Determination

1 - Diabetes mellitus  or pencreatitis  
2 - Increase of unexplained comas and convulsions 
3 - As a routine physical examination 





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